Seeing and Responding to Danger: Detection of Pathogen Infection by a Host

Once a pathogen infects the host the immune system has to sense it to try and control, then kill, the microorganism. Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) in innate immune cells, such as macrophages, detect microbes which drives inflammation to control the infection as well as facilitate the formation of an appropriate adaptive immune response. These receptors also detect endogenous damage associated molecules which are released upon tissue injury. Dysregulation of inflammatory signalling through PRRs is now thought to underpin many common diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This makes PRRs excellent targets for developing new drugs against many diseases. There are many differences across mammalian and other species in PRRs, compared to humans, and this may be important in understanding the basic biology of how a zoonotic pathogen is not detected in one species, but causes disease in humans. Moderator: James A. Glazier, PhD, Indiana University, Bloomington To learn more see: Digby, Zsofia, Panagiotis Tourlomousis, James Rooney, Joseph P. Boyle, Betsaida Bibo-Verdugo, Robert J. Pickering, Steven J. Webster et al. "Evolutionary loss of inflammasomes in the Carnivora and implications for the carriage of zoonotic infections." Cell reports 36, no. 8 (2021). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124721010524 and Doerflinger, Marcel, Yexuan Deng, Paul Whitney, Ranja Salvamoser, Sven Engel, Andrew J. Kueh, Lin Tai et al. "Flexible usage and interconnectivity of diverse cell death pathways protect against intracellular infection." Immunity 53, no. 3 (2020): 533-547. https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(20)30284-3 *Contents* 0:00 - Introduction: J Glazier 2:15 - Clare Bryant: Seeing and Responding to Danger: Detection of Pathogen Infection by a Host 56:50 - Q&A Session To view the slides in this video, visit: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1O9xBsBXfx0u_XSJzRg5u3O7xuqAxxtEO/ If you found this video useful, please check out our other videos on computational modeling, infection and immunology: https://tinyurl.com/GLIMPRINTVideos Please consider joining our IMAG/MSM WG on Multiscale Modeling and Viral Pandemics: https://www.imagwiki.nibib.nih.gov/content/msm-viral-pandemics-meetings Please also consider joining the Global Alliance for Immune Prediction and Intervention: http://glimprint.org/